What Makes You A Great Doctor

The following are some top essential qualities you have to wind up an extraordinary specialist. 

1..Empathetic

Since the work of the specialist is to deal with patients, it's optimal to be caring and have empathy to your patients. You should have the capacity to handle patients in an altruistic and merciful way since they might be in agony or enduring challenges in their wellbeing. 

2.Professional 

It's constantly imperative to stay proficient while taking care of patients and regard their qualities. The relationship amongst specialists and patients is crucial in conclusion and treatment and subsequently, specialists are required to keep up proficient association with patients and insist their patients poise. 

3.Keep Upgraded 

A decent specialist ought to dependably be upgraded and ready to do inquire about new improvements. With the new changes in innovation, each specialist must keep their aptitudes and learning a la mode all through their working life. Specialists are required to partake in instructive exercises frequently and keep up their elite. 

4.Respectful 

No patient needs to be dealt with like a medicinal issue, they need to be dealt with like people that may have an issue. A specialist needs to regard every patient in their own particular right and guarantee they keep their honesty at all times. 

5.Passionate 

A decent specialist ought to have enthusiasm for their work. Every last patient needs to see a minding specialist taking care of them and it's with most likely in the event that you are not energetic you won't have the capacity to deal with your patients. A decent specialist will appreciate working and will have the capacity to settle on better choices in the event that he/she is enthusiastic. 

6.Confident 

A certain specialist gives patients extraordinary certainty. This is one of the qualities that is connected with effective specialists as patients will have faith in your capacities to treat them. A certain specialist will take care of a patient with no questions and offer the best level of medicinal consideration.

Unbelivable Health Benefits Of Eating Onions

Onion is a Special Vegetable Which Can Be Used As A Food In Approximately All Type Of Meals While You Can Also Use Onion As A Salad.According To A Health Research Onion is very Important For Health .
There Are Alot Of Health Benefits Of Eating Onion Some Of Which Are As Follows;

1)Onion Are very Rich In Sulfide Which Is Used For Blood Thining Due to This Blood Pressure Can Be Controlled.

2)Continuous Use Of Onion Control Cholesterol Also Eating Onion May Help You Save From Heart Diseases.

3)Eating Onion can also Help You Prevent Cancer.As it Contains A powerful compound Called Quercitin.

4)Onion Also Improve Your Lungs Function Due To Which It Also Help Asthmatic Patients To Decrease Asthma attacks and Help Patient Increase Comfort In Asthma.

5)Continuous Use Of Onion Can Also Decrease The Chances Of Diabetes

6)Also, Onion Is Very Good For Seasonal Infections

7)Improve Immunity As it Contain Vitamin C.

8)The Bright Green leaves Of Onion Are Rich In Vitamin "A" So Use Them Often !!!

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Nutriments That Prevent Hair Loss

Did you See More Hairs In Your Comb then Normal?If Yes then You are Not Alone. In Fact There Are Millions Of People Who face This Problem With the Increasing Age. Now Whether this is Because Of Diabetes, Deficiency Of Vitamins, Lack Of Sleep Etc But That Happens. Indeed No One Want to Be A Bald But Did You Know? Some Nutrients Can Change Decrease Your Hair Loss. So If You Face Such Problem Start Eating Following Nutriments.
Fish:
There Is A lot Of Protein fibers In Hairs That means For Growing New Hairs You Must Eat Proteins. For New Hairs Growth A Protein i.e Keratinin Is Very Important .And These Proteins Are Present In Fishes With Omega 3 fatty Acid And Vitamins which Is very Important For Hair Growth.

Honey:
Honey Is Also Very Important For Hairs.According To a Research For Itching  And Hair Loss Mix 90% Of Honey With 10% Of Water   Use This Solution on Your Hairs for Four weeks After A gap Of One Day.

Spinach: (Palak)
According To A research Majority Of womens Who Have hair Loss Problem May Have Deficiency Of Vitamin D2 And Iron.Thats Why Spinach have Good Concentration OF Iron And Vitamin c Which Can Ultimately Reduce Hair Loss.

Garlic :
Garlic Contain Sulfur Compound i.e Allicin Which Is Also Present In Onion.According To Health Research This Compound  Is Very Important In Prevention Of Hair Loss.Cut The Garlic And Rub Its parts On Your Hairs.You Can also Mix These Garlic Parts Into Oil and Massage Your Head.

Oil:
Every One Knows That Coconut oil Is Very Important For Prevention Of Your Hair Damage.But Do You Know Mixing Coconut Oil With Lemon Juice Will Prevent Your hairs From Whitening For a Long Time.

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Signs And Symptoms Of Cardiac Failure

Definition Of Cardiac Failure :

In Congestive cardiac Failure The Heart fail To supply Enough Blood To The Tissues Due To Decrease In Cardiac Output.Cardiac Out Depends Upon These Factors;
 A)Afterload
 B)Preload
 C)Force Of Heart Contractility
 D)Heart Rate

Signs And Symptoms Of Cardiac Failure; 

1)Shortness Of Breath
2)Tachycardia (Abnormal Rapid Heart Rate)
3)Decrease In Exercise Tolerence
4)Cardiomegaly (Heart Enlargement)
5)Peripheral Oedema
6)Pulmonary Oedema
7)Pain In chest If Your Heart Fail Is Caused By Heart attack.

Diuretics Classification And Mnemonics

Definitions:

"Substances That Are Used  To Enhance To modulate ,or To Potentiate Diuresis.".
OR
"Any Agent,Drugs That Increase The Volume of Urine And any agent That Increase The excretion Of Na+ In The Urine Is Called Natriuritics".


Classification 

• Loop Diuretics

          (a)Furosemide

          (b)Torsemide

          (c)Ethacrynic Acid

          (d)Bumetanide

•     Thiazide Diuretics

          (a)Chlorthiazide

          (b)Chlorthalidone

          (c)Hydrochlorthiazide

          (d)Indipamide

          (e)Metolazone

•    Potassium Sparing Diuretics 

         (a)Amiloride

         (b)Spironolactone

         (c)Triamterene

•    Osmotic Diuretics

          (a)Glycerol

          (b)Urea

          (c)Mannitol

           

•   Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors

          (a)Acetazolamide 

How To Remember It (Mnemonics)

Remember COLT Pee

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (at the proximal tubule)

Osmotic diuretics (at the Loop of Henle)

Loop diuretics (at the ascending loop)
Thiazides (at the distal tubule)

Potassium-sparing diuretics (at the collecting tubules) 

Diuretics make patient pee like a horse, hence "Colt Pee

Read More About  Diuretics .

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How You Should Prescribe According To W.H.O Guidelines

Rational prescribing is a mean of safe and effective therapeutic outcomes with least adverse effects. But this is not in practice in most parts of the world. To encourage rational prescribing WHO conveyed a conference at Nairobi in 1985 and formulate a set of indicators to evaluate the prescribing pattern at health settings. The indicators were established to find mean of polypharmacy, generic prescribing, prescribing from EML, prescribing of

Antibiotics, Supplements and costly dosage form of Injectibles and mean cost of prescriptions dispensed.Rational use of medicines requires that "patients receive medications appropriate to their clinical needs, in doses that meet their own individual requirements, for an adequate period of time, and at the lowest cost to them and their community"

Irrational or non-rational use is the use of medicines in a way that is not compliant with rational use. Worldwide more than 50% of all medicines are prescribed, dispensed, or sold inappropriately, while 50% of patients fail to take them correctly. Moreover, about one-third of the worlds population lacks access to essential medicines. Common types of irrational medicines use are:

•the use of too many medicines per patient (poly-pharmacy);

•inappropriate use of antimicrobials, often in inadequate dosage, for non-bacterial infections;

•over-use of injections when oral formulations would be more appropriate;

• failure to prescribe in accordance with clinical guidelines;

•inappropriate self-medication, often of prescription-only medicines.

The Prescribing Indicators, developed by WHO and International Network for Rational Use of Drugs (INRUD) includes,

1. Average numbers of drugs per prescriptions

2. Percentage of drugs prescribed by Generic name

3. Percentage of drugs prescribed from Antibiotics

4. Percentage of drugs prescribed as Injectibles

5. Percentage of drugs prescribed from supplements

6. Percentage of drugs prescribed from Essential Medicines List (EML)

7. Average cost of the prescriptions prescribed

The average number of drugs per prescription should be reduced to overcome Polypharmacy as it increases chances of drug interactions and resistance, affect patient compliance and elevates cost of therapy. The generic prescribing and prescribing from EML is a major concern and prescribers should Know and made aware to prescribe more as generic and from EML.

DRUGS OF CHOICE FOR DIFFERENT DISEASES

1. Paracetamol poisoning- :- - acetyl cysteine
2. acute bronchial- asthma :- salbutamol
3. acute gout :- NSAIDS
4. acute hyperkalemia:- calcium gluconate
5. severe DIGITALIS toxicity :-DIGIBIND
6. acute migraine :- sumatriptan
7. cheese reaction :- phentolamine
8. atropine poisoning :- physostigmine
9. cyanide poisoning :- amyl nitrite
10. benzodiazepine poisoning:- flumazenil
11. cholera :- tetracycline
12. KALA-AZAR :- lipozomal amphotericin- B
13. iron poisoning :- desferrioxamine­
14. MRSA :- vancomycin
15. VRSA :- LINEZOLID
16. warfarin overdose :- vitamin-K
17. OCD :- fluoxetine
18. alcohol poisoning :- fomepizole
19. epilepsy in pregnency :- phenobarbitone
20. anaphylactic shock :- Adrenaline
21. MRSA Infection-Vancomycin
22. Malaria in Pregnancy-Chloroquine
23. Whooping Cough or Perteusis- Erythromycin
24. Kawasaki disease-IV Ig
25. Warferin Overdose-Vit-K
26. Heparin Overdose-Protamine
27. Hairy Cell Leukemia-Cladirabine
28. Multiple Myeloma- Melphalan
29. CML-Imatinib
30. Wegner's granulomatosis-
Cyclophosphamide
31. HOCM- Propranolol
32. Delirium Tremens-Diazepam
33. Drug Induced Parkinsonism-Be
nzhexol
34. Diacumarol Poisoning-Vit-K
35. Type-1 Lepra Reaction-Steroids
36. Type- 2 Lepra Reaction-Thalidomide
37. Allergic Contect Dermatitis-Steroids
38. PSVT- 1st-Adenosine, 2nd-Verapamil, 3rd-Digoxin
39. Z-E Syndrome- Proton Pump Inhibitor
40. Chancroid-Cotrimoxazole
41. Dermatitis Herpetiformis-Dapsone
42. Spastic Type of Cerebral Palsy-Diazepam
43. Herpis Simplex Keratitis-Trifluridine
44. Herpes Simplex Orolabialis-Pan
cyclovir
45. Neonatal Herpes Simplex-Acyclovir
46. Pneumocystis carinii Pneumonia-Cotri
moxazole For Nodulo
47. 47. Cystic Acne-Retinoic acid
48. Trigeminal Neuralgia-Carbamezapine
49. Actinomycosis-Penicillin
50. Plague- Streptomycin
51. Opioid Withdrawal- Methadone 2nd-Clonidine
52. Alcohol Withdrawal- Chlordiazepoxide 2nd-Diazepam
53. Post Herpetic Neuralgia- Fluphenazine
54. WEST Syndrome-ACTH
55. Diabetic Diarrhoea- Clonidine
56. Lithium Induced Neuropathy-Amil
orideCommunicable Disease:
57. Tetanus: PEN G Na; TETRACYCLINE; (DIAZEPAM
58. Diphteria: PEN G K; ERYTHROMYCIN
59. Pertusis: ERYTHROMYCIN; AMPICILLIN
60. Meningitis: MANNITOL (osmotic diuretic);DEXAMETHASONE (anti-
inflammatory); DILANTIN/PHENYTOIN (anti-convulsive); PYRETINOL/
ENCEPHABO L (CNS stimulant)
61. Cholera: TETRACYCLINE
62. Amoebic Dysentery: METRONIDAZOLE
63. Shigellosis: CO-TRIMOXAZOLE
64. Typhoid: third generation cephalosporins
65. Rabies: LYSSAVAC, VERORAB
66. Immunoglobulins: ERIG or HRIg
67. Malaria: CHLOROQUINE
68. Schistosomiasis: PRAZIQUANTEL
69. Felariasis: DIETHYLCARBAMAZINE CITRATE
70. Scabies: EURAX/ CROTAMITON
71. Chicken pox: ACYCLOVIR/ZOVIRAX
72. Leptospirosis: PENICILLIN; TETRACYCLINE;ERYTHROMYCIN
73. Leprosy: DAPSONE, RIFAMPICIN
74. Anthrax: PENICILLIN
75. Tuberculosis: R.I.P.E.S.
76. Pneumonia: COTRIMOXAZOLE; ProcainePenicillin
77. Helminths: MEBENDAZOLE; PYRANTELPAMOATE
78. Meningitis: MANNITOL (dec. ICP) ;DEXAMETHASONE ( relieve
cerebral edema) ;DIAZEPAM ( anticonvulsant); PENICILLIN
79. Syphilis: PENICILLIN
80. Gonorrhea: PENICILLIN

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Number Of Doctors In The World

There are aproximately 10-15 millions Doctors And 20 Million Nurses In The World .According To WHO estimates That There Is A Shortage Of 4-5 Millions Doctors .The Shortage Is Due To The lack Of Medical Schools In The Developing World ,Second Problem Is The Small Capacity For Admission In The Medical Schools.This Means That Approx For Every 1000 Individuals There Is One Doctor In The World .This Ratio Is Even Better In some Develop countries Like USA,UK,CANADA,AUSTRALIA Are 2+ Ratio Per 1000 And Europe Are 4+ Ratio Per 1000 Population But Still They Are Facing Shortage  .Cuba Has The Best Density At Around 6 Per 1000 Population.And India And other Asian Countries Has Ratio Of Less Then 1 Doctor Per 1000 Population.

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Top 10 Biggest Drugs Companies In 2016 By Revenue

Pharmaceutical Companies Are Consider The World Largest Industry Sector They Account Approximately More Then A Third Of Industry Total Market Share World Wide.The Global Market Of Pharmaceutical Industry Was Estimated To be 1114 Billion USD.These Organizations are The Power House Of R&D For Life Science Research. When We Start Ranking Of Biggest Pharma Industries We See Some Common Names Which Hold The Top 10 Slots.When We Look At The Past There are Some Big Companies Which Top The List Every Year.Although When We Look At 2015 Statistics Of Pharmaceutical Industries Revenue We See The Overall Revenue Of Pharmaceutical Industry Decreased In 2016 First Quarter,This Drop Down In Overall Revenue In My Opinion Is Due To The Huge Investment In R&D Sector.

Following Are The Top Pharmaceutical Industries Based On Their Revenue And Products Market Share.

(1) Johnson &Johnson :

The Name Of The Biggest Pharmaceutical Company In the World Are No Surprise "Johnson & Johnson With A Revenue Of 70074 Million US Dollars 2016 Which Is Slightly Decrease From That Of 2015 (74331 Million US Dollars) But Still They Retain Their Name On The First Position.There Are 182 Marketed Drugs Of Johnson & Johnson With A Market Leader In Hepatitis C, Arthritis,HIV/AIDS And Digestive Conditions.

(2) Roche:

The Second Position Holder This Year Is The Swiss Pharmaceutical Roche Which Were On Third In 2015..Roche Improve His Position By Replacing Novartis From Second Position.The Current Revenue Of Roche Is 50111 Million US Dollars Which Were 49860 Million US Dollars.

Its Best Selling Drugs Are Cancer Treatments Mebthera,Avastin,Xeloda and Herceptin.

(3) Pfizer:Pfizer:

Pfizer Are Famous For its Vaccines and Due To This Reason Pfizer Are Among Top Leading Pharmaceutical Companies In The World.Although They Also Produce Medicine And Therapeutic Areas Including Oncology ,Cardiology.Apart From Vaccines They Are Now Developing Market By Producing Some Great Products Like Lipitor,Celebrex And Viagra.The Current Revenue Of Pfizer Are 48851 million US Dollars Which Drops From 2015 (49605 million US Dollars) But Still They Improve One Slot From Fourth Position In 2015 To Third In 2016.

(4)Novartis:Currently Novartis Is On Fourth Position Which Drop From 2015 Second Position .Their Revenue Fall From 57996 Million US Dollars In 2015 To 49414 Million US Dollars In 2016.Novartis Is Specializes In The Development Of Biological Therapies.The Company Product Consist Of Eye Care,Prescription Products,Generics And Biosimilars.The Company Is Currently Operating In More 140 Countries World Wide With A 100000 Employees.

(5)Bayer :

Bayer Improve Itself From Position Nine To Fifth By Hugely Increasing Its Revenue From 25470 Million US Dollars To 51407 Million US Dollars In 2016.Bayer Has An Impressive Commercial Portfolio Of More Then 5000 Products .Apart From Human And Veternary Product Bayer Is Also Involve In Cosumer Health And Agriculture Sector .Bayer top Five Products Include Eye Medicine Eylea, Anticoagulant xarelto,Cancer Drugs Stivarga and Xofigo,And Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Drug Adempas.

(6)Merck:

 Merck, Who Retain his Place in the Ranking.Although The Overall Revenue Of Merck Slightly Fall in 2016. Current Revenue Of Merck is 39498 Million US Dollars Which Fall From 42237 Million US Dollars Their specialist therapeutic areas include oncology, neurodegenerative diseases, fertility and endocrinology. Merck is also well known for publishing The Merck Manuals, a series of best-selling medical reference books for physicians, nurses and technicians.

(7) GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) :
This is The First Company From UK In the List With A Current Revenue Of 36566 Million US Dollars In 2015.The Company Develop A broad Range Of Products Including  pharmaceuticals, vaccines and consumer healthcare, and has leading products across various therapeutic areas including cardiovascular and respiratory disease, asthma, cancer, infections, mental health, diabetes and digestive conditions.

(8)Sanofi :

A French Pharmaceutical Industry Specializes in OTC products In seven Major Therapeutic Areas ;CNS,Cardiovascular.Diabetes ,Internal Medicine,Oncology,Thrombosis And Vaccines.

The Company Revenue Improve By 8.99% in 2015 To Reach 34542 Million USD.In the First Quarter Of  2016 The company Revnue Increase to 43070 Million USD .The Company Also Invested 5042 MIllions USD in R&D.

(9)Gilead:
The US Base Pharmaceutical Industry Were On Position 10 in 2015 But They Improve To Position 9.There Revenue In 2015 were 24474 Million USD.The company grew by 31.13% between 2014 and 2015, to reach USD 32,639 million in 2015. The company invested USD 3,014 million in R&D in 2015.

(10)AstraZeneca ;

AstraZeneca successfully fended off takeover bids from Pfizer in 2014 and has layed-out ambitious targets for future growth, which if successful could see it improve its rank among the top ten list of pharmaceutical companies.The Company Revenue Were 23641 Million USD in 2015.AstraZeneca improve their Revenue In first Quarter Of 2016 To 26096 Million USD.The Company Invested 5997 Million USD In R&D In 2015.This is The Only Company In Top 10 List Who Invest More On R&D.